初中英语知识点大总结

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初中英语知识点大总结：动词

(1) 动词的时态：

① 一般现在时

一般现在时的主要用法有两点：其一表示一经常发生的动作，如： I always go to scho

ol at seven. 其二表示某一真理，事实，如： The earth moves around the sun.

② 现在完成时

现在完成时的主要用法有两点：其一表示某一动作发生于过去，并持续下来，到现在完成

。如： I have studied English for two years. 其二表示某动作发生于过去并已结束，但其影响到现在。如： I haven’t had my lunch. I’m hungry now.

与现在完成时连用的词语有：yet, already, before, since, ever, never等。

其考查要点：

其一： Have been表示曾经去过，如：I have been to America twice. 说此话的人应

已经回到国内。而He has gone to Japan.则此人目前已到日本去了。

其二：截止性动词可以有现在完成时，但不可与表示一段长度的词连用，如： The clas

s has begun. The class has been on for five minutes.

③ 一般过去时

表示过去发生的动作，过去的习惯或反复发生的动作。如： Who broke the window? In those days, I studied hard at night every day. 与过去时连用的时间状语有： at that time, ago, in 1949， just now (刚才)， last night, yesterday

④ 一般将来时

纯将来时的表示法： shall/will+动词原形

例： I’ll leave for Shanghai this evening.

表示按计划要做或可能做的事： be going to+动词原形

例： I’m going to help you tonight.

将来时的特殊表示法

a. be+coming/leaving/going/starting/arriving

例： Don’t worry. I’m coming.

b. be about to+动词原形

例： He is about to leave, when the telephone rings.

c. 状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来

例： If it rains tomorrow I won’t go to the party.

(2) 情态动词：

can： 能，会

例： He can do it very well.

may： 许可，可能性

例： May I use your pen?

must： 必要，禁止(多表示主观看法)

例： You mustn’t play with fire.

have to： 不得不(多表示客观之事)

例： I have to go, because I have a meeting.

could与would：二者用于现在时表示语气的委婉

例： Could you help me?

初中英语知识点大总结：句型

(1) 宾语从句：

由疑问代词或副词引出的宾语从句

例： Could you tell me where the post office is?

Could you tell me what he said? (what作said的宾语)

由that引出的宾语从句

例： They said that they would give me some help. (that 仅作引导词)

宾语从句中的疑问句要用陈述语序。

例： He asked when we would leave home.

(2) 状语从句：

状语从句可包括：时间/地点/原因/结果/目的等状语从句。

例：I will come when I am free.

I’m late because my bike is broken.

He went so early that he got a good seat.

She studied hard so that she would pass the exam.

状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来。

例： If it rains tomorrow I shall not go to the cinema.

表示在一长动作进行过程中某一动作突然发生则长动作要用进行时态，而突发性动作要用一般时态。

例： When I’m reading a book， the telephone rings.

(3) 反意疑问句

例： She can swim across the river, can’t she?

It’s a fine day， isn’t it?

Marry needs to have a rest, doesn’t she?

You have nothing to do, do you?

He seldom does homework， does he?

Don’t open the door， will you?

Open the door please， will you?

Let us have a rest， will you?

Let’s go, shall we?

(4) 感叹句：

例. What a hot day it is!

How hot the weather is!

初中英语知识点大总结：不定式

(1) 不定式在句中作宾语，状语：

例： It has begun to rain.

I want to go to the cinema.

(2) 不定式与疑问词连用：

例： I want to know how to work.

I want to know what to do.

(3) 不定式的否定句：

例： He told me not to do it.

④ 省略to的不定式：

例： I saw him come this morning.

这样的动词有see, hear, watch等感官动词，及have(作让、使讲) make, let.

初中英语知识点大总结：一般现在时与现在完成时

1) I come from Shanghai(上海人)

I have come from Shanghai(从上海来)

2) You read very well. (强调能力)

You've read very well. (强调一次刚完成的动作)

3) I forget.(一时想不起来了)

I have forgotten.(仍没想起来，可能已回忆起来了)

4) The book is written in simple English. (表状态)

The book has been written in simple English.(表动态，已用英语写成)

5) Every time I see him, he's been reading. (两个动作不可能同时进行)Every time I have seen him, he's been reading. (强调两个动作同时进行)

6) He is gone. (强调状态)He has gone (强调动作和时间)

7) He won't come till the play begins. (演出开始时)

He won't come till the play has begun.(戏已开始)

8) After I leave school, I'll go to college. (两个动作紧密相接)

After I have left school, I'll go to college.(强调毕业后，两个动作可能有间隔)

9) It is a long time since I saw you last. It's been a long time since I saw you last.(这两句话一样，后一句是美国英语)

10) Where are you? (在哪)Where have you been?(去了哪)

初中英语知识点大总结：一般现在时与现在进行时

1) He works hard.(强调始终如一)He is working hard.(强调现在)

2) What do you do? (干什么工作的)What are you doing?(在干什么)

3) Here comes the bus! (表高兴和欣慰)

The bus is coming.(汽车到来的情景)

4) I forget him name. I'm forgetting his name.(差点把他的名字忘了)

5) You don't eat much. (强调胃口不大)

You're not eating much.(你怎么不吃呀)

6) The match starts at 7 o'clock. (比较固定，不宜改变)

The match is starting at 7 o'clock.(可以改变)

7) Tom always comes late. Tom is always coming late.(表示不满，责备)

8)Tom goes to college now.

Tom is going to college now.(这两句区别不大，后者更生动)

9) I tell you.(我可以告诉你)

I'm telling you.(我告诉你吧，有感情色彩)

10) He always sleeps in the afternoon.

He is always sleeping in the afternoon.(后者意味着整个下午都睡掉了)

11) I expect you to phone me. ( 几乎等于命令)

I'm expecting you to phone me.(婉转)

12) What do you say? What are you saying?(你说些什么呀，表说话人惊讶，不满)

12) I find that the book is too difficult for me.(强调结果)

I'm finding that the book is too difficult for me. (强调过程，逐渐感到)

13) Apples cost more these days.(强调事实)

Apples are costing more these days.(越来越贵)

14) He always thinks of others.

He's always thinking of others.(表示赞扬)

15) Whenever I see him, he argues with somebody.(强调两个动作有先后)

Whenever I see him, he is arguing with somebody.(强调两个动作同时进行)

16) I hope you'll give us some advice.

I'm hoping you'll give us some advice.(表示语气婉转)

17) I must go. (我应该去)I must be going.(我该走了)

18) We can discuss this while we eat.(说话是没用餐)

We can discuss this while we are eating.(进餐已开始)

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