第一篇:常用论文术语中英文对照范文
a.
安居工程 housing project for low-income families
按成本要素计算的国民经济总值 gnp at factor cost
按揭贷款 mortgage loan
按劳分配 distribution according to one's performance
暗亏 hidden loss
奥姆真理教 japanese aum doomsday cult
b.
巴黎证券交易所 paris bourse
把握大局 grasp the overall situation
白色行情表 white sheet
白手起家 starting from scratch
摆架子 put on airs
拜年 pay new year call
搬迁户 relocated families
半拉子工程 uncompleted project
棒球运动记者 scribe
包干到户 work contracted to households
包工包料 contract for labor and materials
保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy
保持国有股 keep the state-held shares
保健食品 health-care food
保税区 the low-tax, tariff-free zone; bonded area
保证重点支出 ensure funding for priority areas
保值储蓄 inflation-proof bank savings
北欧投资银行 nordic investment bank
本本主义 bookishness
《本草纲目》 compendium of materia medica
本垒打 circuit clout, four-master, round trip
本命年 one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 terrestrial branches
奔小康 strive for a relatively comfortable life
蹦击 bungee, bungee jumping
逼上梁山 be driven to drastic alternatives
闭门羹 given cold-shoulder
边际报酬 marginal return
边缘科学 boundary science
标书 bidding documents
表演赛 demonstration match
剥夺冠军 strip the gold medal of somebody
补缺选举 by-election
布达拉宫 potala palace
不败记录 clean record, spotless record
不承诺放弃使用武器 not undertake to renounce the use of force
不打不成交 no discord, no concord.
《不见不散》 be there or be square.
不良贷款 non-performing loan
不夜城 sleepless city, ever-bright city
不正之风 bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency
步行天桥 foot bridge
c.
擦边球 edge ball, touch ball
擦网球 net ball
采取高姿态 show magnanimity
菜篮子工程 shopping basket program
参政、议政 participate in the management of state affairs
层层转包和违法分保 multi-level contracting and illegal sub-contracting
差额投票 differentail voting
差额选举 competitive election
茶道 sado
拆东墙补西墙 rob peter to pay paul
禅 dhyana
产粮大省 granary province
产品结构 product mix
产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、科学管理 clearly established ownership, well defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from administration, and scientific management
产权制度、产权关系 property relations; property order
产销直接挂钩 directly link production with marketing
长二捆 lm-2e
长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共 long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, sincere treatment with each other and the sharing of weal or woe
畅通工程 "smooth traffic project"
唱高调 mouth high-sounding words
超高速巨型计算机 giant ultra-high-speed computer
超前消费 overconsuming, excessive consumption
城市规划 city's landscaping plan
城乡信用社 credit corroborative in both urban and rural areas
吃大锅饭 egalitarian practice of "everybody eating from the same big pot"
抽杀成功 hit through
筹备委员会 preparatory committee
出风头 show off;in the limelight
出口创汇能力 capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports
出口退税制度 the system of refunding taxes on exported goods
出口转内销 domestic sales of commodities orginally produced for exports
出家 pravrajana; cloister
创建卫生城市:build a nationally advanced clean city
春蕾计划 spring buds program
《春秋》 spring and autumn annals
从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy
促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy
存款保证金 guaranty money for deposits
d.
"达标"活动 "target hitting" activities
打白条 issue iou
打黑 crack down on speculation and profiteering
打破僵局 break the deadlock
打顺手 find one's touch, get into gear, settle into a groove
大包干 all-round responsibility system
大轰动 blockbuster
大力扣杀 hammer
大路货 staple goods
大满贯 grand slam
大款 tycoon
大排挡 sidewalk snack booth
大事化小,小事化了 try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all
大胜 white wash
大腕 top notch
大要案 major and serious criminal cases
大专生 junior college student
大专文凭 associate degree
大藏经 tripitaka
带薪分流 assign redundant civil servants to other jobs while allowing them to retain their original rank and benefits
待岗 await job assignment, post-waiting
待业 job-waiting
单循环制 single round-robin system
盗用公款 embezzlement
单刀赴会 start a solo run
倒计时 countdowm
倒爷 profiteer
等外品 off-grade goods, rejects
第二产业 secondary industry
第一发球权 first inning
第一发球员 first server
第一双打 first pair
地方保护主义 regional protectionism
地方财政包干制 system whereby local authorities take full responsibility for their finances
地区差异 regional disparity
点子公司 consultancy company
电话号码升位 upgrade telephone number
电话会议 teleconference
电视直销 tv home shopping
吊球 drop shot
吊销执照 revoke license
定向培训 training for specific posts
豆腐渣"工程 jerry-built project
独立核算工业企业 independent accounting unit(enterprise)
"渡假外交" holiday-making diplomacy
短期债务 floating debt
对外招商 attract foreign investment
队长袖标(足球) skipper's armband
多党合作制 multi-party co-operation in exercising state power
多任务小卫星 small multi-mission satellite (smms)
夺冠 take the crown
e.
恶性通货膨胀 hyperinflation
二板市场(创业板市场) second board on the country's stock market
二流选手 scrub, second-rater
f.
发展不平衡 disparate development
法治国家 a country under the rule of law
法制国家 a state with an adequate legal system
翻两番 quadruple
反败为胜 bring about a complete turnabout, pull out of the fire
防洪工程 flood-prevention project
放高球 lob
飞行药检 spot check
费改税 transform administrative fees into taxes
分流 reposition of redundant personnel
分期付款 installment payment
(产品)分销 subunderwriting, distribution
锋利扣杀 razor-sharp smash
封闭式基金 close-ended fund
封杀出局 force out
“封圣” canonization of "saints"
福利彩票 welfare lotteries
福利分房 welfare-oriented public housing distribution system
扶贫 poverty alleviation
覆盖率 coverage rate
复式住宅 compound apartment
g.
改制上市:an enterprise is re-organized according to modern corporate system so that it will get listed on the stock market.
干部队伍革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化 make the ranks of cadres more revolutionary, younger in average age, better educated and professionally more competent
高层次、全方位的对话 high-level and all-directional dialogue
高产优质 high yield and high quality
高级商务师 certified business executive
高难度动作 stunner, stunt
高新技术产业开发区 high and new technology industrial development zone
(公路)隔离带 median
根本政治制度 fundamental political system
个人收入应税申报制度 the system of the declaration of individual incomes for tax payment
"各就位" "on your marks!"
跟踪审计 follow-up auditing
工商局 industrial and commercial bureau
工业园区 industrial park
公积金public accumulation funds, public reserve funds
公款吃喝 recreational activities using public funds
公正、公平、公开 just, fair and open
共产党领导下的多党合作与政治协商 multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of communist party
国产化率 import substitution rate; localization rate of parts and components
国防动员体制 the mobilization for national defense
国际惯例 international common practice
《国际先驱论坛报》 international herald tribune
国家经济体制改革委员会 the state commission for restructuring the economic systems
国家一级保护 first-grade state protection
国库券 treasury bonds
过度开垦 excess reclamation
h.
海湾战争综合症 the complexities of the gulf war
豪赌 unrestrained gambling
好事不出门,恶事传千里 good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide.
好出风头的运动员 exhibitionist, grandstander
好莱坞大片 hollywood blockbuster
"好球" "strike"
合理引导消费 guide rational consumption
合议庭 collegiate bench
黑店 gangster inn
宏观调控 macro-control efforts
红包(中)red paper containing money as a gift, (贬) bribe, kickback
环太平洋地区 pacific rim
后防空虚 leave the defense exposed
胡子工程 long-drawn-out project (a project which takes so long that young workers become bearded)
虎父无犬子 a wise goose never lays a tame egg.
户口管理制度 domicile system, residence registration system
户主 head of a household
护身法宝 amulet
华表 ornamental column/cloud pillar/stele
华盖 canopy
"坏球" "ball"
还俗 resume secular life, unfrock
"黄、赌、毒" pornography, gambling and drug abuse and trafficking
黄金时段 prime time
挥棒 swing
挥棒不中 fan
灰色收入 income from moonlighting
汇丰银行 hong kong and shang hai banking corporation
婚外恋 extramarital love
活到老,学到老 one is never too old to learn.
货币回笼 withdrawal of currency from circulation
j.
机构臃肿overstaffing in organizations (government)
基本路线要管一百年 the basic line must be followed unswervingly for a very long time to come.
基本国情 fundamental realities of the country
基层民主 democracy at the grassroots level
基层组织 organizations at the grass-roots level
绩优股 blue chip
激烈竞争 cut-throat competition
吉祥物 mascot
缉私力量 the forces engaged in the fight against smuggling
集体婚礼 collective wedding ceremony
集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development
计划生育责任制 responsibility system of family planning
计算机中央处理器 central processing unit(cpu)
记者席 press box
技术下乡 spread technological knowledge to farmers
嘉宾 distinguished guest, honored guest
加班 work extra shifts
加密 encrypt
加强舆论监督 ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion
家庭联产承包责任制 the household contract responsibility system
假唱 lip-synch
假动作 deception, feint
甲骨文 inscriptions on oracle bones
假日经济 holiday economy
坚持统一,反对分裂,增加了解,化解歧见 persist in reunification, oppose separation, increase understanding and iron out differences
监督部门 watchdog
尖端产品 highly sophisticated products
剪彩 cut the ribbon
剪刀差 the scissors gap between the prices of ... and ...
减负 alleviate burdens on sb.
减员增效 downsizing for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency
讲诚信,反欺诈: honor credibility and oppose cheating
脚踩两只船 sit on the fence
脚踏实地 be down-to-earth
侥幸球 fluke
接口 interface
解放生产力 emancipate the productive forces
解放思想、实事求是的思想路线 ideological line of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts
结售汇制度 the system of exchange, settlement and sales
戒毒所 drug rehabilitation center
戒急用忍 overcome impetuosity and exercise patience
金本位 gold standard
金边债券 gilt-edged bonds
金刚经 vajra sutra|
金降落伞 golden parachute
紧箍咒 inhibiting magic phrase
紧密型企业集团 tightly-knit groups of enterprises
紧追 cling to, shadow, thunder on one's trail
近海渔业 offshore fishery
进出口商会 chamber of import and export trade
进口渗透 import penetration
禁渔期 closed fishing seasons
禁止在任何地方、任何环境进行一切方式的释放核能的核武器试验保爆炸 prohibit any nuclear weapon test explosion which releases nuclear energy at any place and in any environment
经常项目顺差favorable balance of current account, surplus of current account
经常性贷款 commercial lending
经常性支出 running expenses
经济林 cash tree
经营管理高度科学化的现代化大企业 modern big enterprise with highly scientific management system
精简机构 streamline government organs
京剧票友 peking opera fan
景泰蓝 cloisonné
劲射 power shot
竣工式 completion ceremony
k.
卡丁车 kart
开放式基金 open-ended fund
开工不足 enterprises running under their production capacity
坎儿井 karez
抗美援朝战争 war to resist us aggression and aid korea
抗震棚 quake-proof shelter
考研 take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools
科技成果转化为生产力 transfer of scientific and technological achievements
科技含量 technology content
科技是第一生产力 science and technology constitute a primary productive force.
科教兴国 rely on science and education to rejuvenate the nation
可持续发展 sustainable development
空头支票 accommodation note, lip service
控股公司 holding company
扣帽子 put a label on
跨实际工程 a trans-century project
亏损企业 enterprises running in the red/under deficit
困难职工 the needy
国民党 kuomintang
l.
垃圾债券 junk bond
拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth
拉拉队 cheering squad
拉拉队长 cheer-leader, rooter king
拉关系 try to curry favor with
劳动合同制 labor contract system
老字号 an old and famous shop or enterprise
"篱笆墙" barriers/ blockage to inter-regional trading
礼仪小姐 ritual girl
利改税substitution of tax payment for profit delivery
利基 niche
立体农业 three-dimensional agriculture
联合联络小组 joint liaison group
廉政、勤政、务实、高效政府 an honest, diligent, pragmatic and efficient government
廉洁奉公,以正治国 (of an official) clean and devoted, and govern the state with his own example of uprightness
联合兼并 conglomeration and merger of enterprises
联合投标 syndicated tender
联想集团 legend group
练摊 to be a vendor
粮食收购部门 (government's) grain procurement (purchasing) agencies
粮油关系:grain and oil rationing registration
两岸直航促进会 association for promotion of cross-straits direct transportation
两弹一艇 a-bomb, h-bomb and nuclear-powered submarine
"两个对等的政治实体" "two equal political entities
两个文明一起抓 place equal emphasis on material and ethical progress
"两思"(致富思源,富而思进) to think of the source of getting rich and of making progress after becoming affluence
老少边穷地区 former revolutionary base areas, areas inhabited by minority nationalities, remote and border areas and poverty-stricken areas
猎头公司 head-hunting company
临时主教练 caretaker coach
领头羊 bellwether
留职停薪 retain the job but suspend the salary
留学咨询:consulting on the study abroad
流动人口 transient population
乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费 unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises
乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款 arbitrary charges, fund-raising quotas and fines
《论语》 analects of confucius
裸机:bare mobile phone
绿地覆盖率 forest coverage rate
绿化 afforestation
m.
满意度 degree of satisfaction
盲流和倒流人员 transient from the countryside
帽子戏法 hat trick
买一送一 two-for-one offer, buy one get one free
门前三包 be responsible for general sanitation, green covering and keeping good social order in a designated area outside the unit building
朦胧诗 misty poetry
民工潮 farmers' frenzied hunt for work in cities
民进党 democratic progressive party
民主党派、工商联与无党派人士 non-communist parties, federations of industry and commerce, personages without party affiliation
民族凝聚力 national cohesion
民族委员会 ethnic affairs commission
明明白白消费(2014年保护消费者权益工作主题)transparent consumption
磨洋工 dawdle along
n.
纳米 nanometer
囊括 complete a sweep
耐用消费品 durable consumer items (goods)
南水北调 south-to-north water diversion
能官能民 be ready to both serve as an offical and be one of the common people
能上网的手机 wap phone
内耗 in-fighting
年同比 year-on-year; on an annual basis
年夜饭 family reunion dinner
扭转局面 reverse the tide, turn the table
农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labour (labourers)
o.
p.
跑龙套 utility man
泡沫经济 bubble economy
配股 allotment of shares
配套政策 supporting policies
碰钉子 get snubbed
疲软股票 soft stock
皮包公司 bogus company
票贩子 scalper, ticket tout
骗汇、逃汇、套汇 obtain foreign currency and false pretenses, not turn over foreign currency owed to the government and illegal arbitrage
贫富悬殊 polarization of rich and poor
瓶颈制约 “bottleneck”restrictions
扑网 rush-up, rushing
q.
起跑器 block
千代田寿险公司(日本) chiyoda mutual life insurance co.
抢跑 false start, beat the gun
亲民党 people first party
屈体 jackknife, pike
全能冠军 all-around winner
全球通 global system for mobile communications
拳头产品 competitive products; knock-out products; blockbuster
r.
绕圈子 beat around the bush
人才流失brain drain
人浮于事 overstaffing
人工智能 artificial intelligence(ai)
人机交互 human-computer interaction
人类免疫缺陷病毒human immunodeficiency virus(hiv)
人情债 debt of gratitude
任意球 free kick
融资渠道 financing channels
入水时水花很少 clean entry
软新闻 soft news
s.
三八线 38th parallel
三步走战略 the three-step development strategy
三大作风 the party's three important styles of work (integrating theory with practice, forging close links with the masses and practicing self-criticism
"三个代表" "three represents" theory (the party should always represent the development needs of china's advanced social productive forces, always represent the onward direction of china's advanced culture, and always represent the fundamental interests of the largest member of the chinese people.)
三个有利于 "three favorables" (whether it promotes the growth of the productive forces in a socialist society, increases the overall strenth of the socialist state and raises the people's living standards
三好学生 merit student
"三讲"教育(讲学习、讲政治、讲正气) "three emphases" education (to stress theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct)
三角债 chain debt
三通 three direct links of trade, mail, and air and shipping services across the taiwan straits
三通一平"three supplies and one leveling"; supply of water, electricity and road and leveled ground (conditions ready for further economic development)
三下乡 a program under which officials, doctors, scientist and college students go to the countryside to spread scientific and literacy knowledge and offer medical service to farmers
三字经 three-character scripture
"扫黄"、"打非" eliminate pornography and illegal publications
《山海经》the classic of mountains and rivers
商检局 commodity inspection bureau
商品条码 bar code
上市 to be listed
少数服从多数、下级服从上级、局部服从全体、全党服从中央 the minority is subordinate to the majority, the lower level to the higher level, the part to the whole and the entire membership of the party to the central committee
社会热点问题 hot spots of society
社会治安情况 public security situation
审时度势 size up the situation
渗透、颠覆和分裂活动 infiltrative, subversive and splittist activities
《生死抉择》 "live or die"
生态农业 environmental-friendly agriculture
失学儿童 dropout实践是检验真理的唯一标准 practice is the sole criterion for testing truth.
实体经济 the real economy
实现中华民伟大复兴 bring about a great rejuvenation of the chinese nation
实行国民待遇 grant the national treatment to
实行计划生育、控制人口数量、提高人口素质 promotion of family planning to control the population size and improve the health of the people
实现小康目标 to achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relative comfortable life
市场疲软 sluggish market
市场准入 market access
适度从紧的财政政策 moderately tight financial policy
适销对路的产品readily marketable products
手机入网费 mobile access fee
受灾地区 disaster-affected are
售后服务 after-sale services
树立企业良好形象 foster a good and healthy company image
涮羊肉 instant-boiled mutton
双刃剑 double-edged sword
水货 smuggled goods
水墨画 chinese brush drawing; ink and wash painting
思乡曲 nostalgia
思想僵铁 fossilized concept
四项基本原则 the four cardinal principles of adherence to the socialist road, the people's democratic dictatorship, the leadership of the communist party of china, and marxism-leninism and mao zedong thought
素质教育 education for all-around development
t.
弹性外交 elastic diplomacy
套利 arbitrage
提高农产品收购价格 the government's increase in its procurement prices (for farm products)
铁饭碗 iron rice bowl
统一市场 single market
统一税 flat tax, consolidated tax
同乡会 an association of fellow provincials or townsmen
筒子楼:tube-shaped apartment
偷税漏税 tax evasion
偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税 tax evasion, tax fraud, and refusal to pay taxes
投手 pitcher
透过现象看本质 see through the appearance to perceive the essence
团身 bunch up the body
推广科研成果 turning laboratory achievements into commercial/mass production; commercialization of laboratory achievements
退耕还林还草 grain for green
脱贫 cast off poverty
脱手 release grip
w.
汪辜会谈 wang daohan-koo chen-fu talks (wang-koo talks)
网络出版 online publishing
网上冲浪surf the internet
稳定压倒一切 maintaining stability is of top priority
维护人权和不断改善人权状况 safeguard human rights and steadily improve the human rights situation
伪劣产品 fake and shoddy products
卫冕世界冠军 reigning world champion
屋顶花园 roof garden
无氟冰箱freon-free refrigerator
无人售票 self-service ticketing
无线应用协议 wap(wireless application protocol)
物价局 price bureau
物业管理 estate management, property management
x.
西部大开发 west development
吸收游资 absorb idle fund
希望工程 project hope
喜忧参半 mingled hope and fear
洗钱 money laundering
下放权力给 delegating the management of ... (to ...)
下岗 laid-off workers
下海 plunge into the commercial sea
下网 off line
险胜 cliff-hanging win, narrow victory, nose out
县改市:county upgraded to city
县级市:county-level city
现代企业制度 modern enterprise system; modern corporate system
向钱看 mammonism, put money above all
项目立项:approve and initiate a project
消费信贷 consumer credit services
削减战略核武器会谈 strategic arms reduction talks (start)
小康 a comfortable level of living; a better-off life; moderate prosperity
新秀 up-and-coming star, rising star
信息港 inforport
信息化 informationize
信用紧缩 credit crunch
形象小姐/先生 image representative of a product or a brand
虚拟网 virtual net
选举权和被选举权 the right to vote and the right to be elected
徇私枉法 bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends
y.
压水花技术 rip entry
压线(口令) line!
严打斗争strike-hard operation, campaign to crack down relentlessly on criminal activities
阳春(最经济方式) no-frills
羊肉串小摊 barbecue stall
养老金 pension
摇钱树 cash cow
药物检查 dope control, drug testing
一式两联 (receipt or invoice) in duplicate
一手抓物质文明,一手抓精神文明;一手抓经济建设,一手抓民主法制;一手抓改革开放,一手抓打击犯罪惩治腐败 we must always work for material progress and at the same time for cultural and ethical progress; we should develop the economy and at the same time strengthen democracy and the legal system; we should promote reform and opening to the outside world and at the same time fight crime and punish corruption.
以公有制为主体,多种经济成分共同发展 the pattern with the public sector remaining dominant and diverse sectors of the economy developing side by side
以经济建设为中心 focusing on the central task of economic construction
以谋略制胜 outmaneuver
以权谋私 abuse of power for personal gains
以人为本 people oriented; people foremost
以质量求生存、求发展、求效益 strive for survival, development and efficiency on the basis of equality
义和团运动 boxer uprising
义务兵役制 compulsory military service, conscription
义务教育 compulsory education
义演收入 proceeds from benefit performmance
易拉罐 pop can
因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude
隐性就业 unregistered employment
硬道理 absolute principle, top priority
营业税 turnover tax; business tax
应试教育 examination-oriented education system
优化结构 optimize structure
有法可依,有法必依,执法必严,违法必究 there must be laws to go by, the laws must be observed and strictly enforced, and law-breakers must be prosecuted.
有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律 with lofty ideals, integrety, knowledge and a strong sense of discipline
有望夺金者 a gold medal hopeful
有勇无谋 use brawn rather than brain
与国际市场接轨 integrate with the world market; become integrated into the global market
舆论导向 direction of public opinion
舆论监督 supervision by public opinion
冤假错案 cases in which people were unjustly, falsely or wrongly charged or sentenced; unjust, false or wrong cases
圆寂 parinirvana
缘分 chemical, (as if by) predestination, be preordained to come together
远景计划 long-term development targets
运球 dribble
z.
"宰人" rip off
在职博士生 on-job doctorate
再贷款 re-lending; subloan
再就业服务中心 re-employment service center
藏学 tibetology
糟粕 dross
早恋 puppy love
造假帐 falsified accounts
斋月 ramadan
债转股 debt-to-equity swap
沾光 benefit from one's association
站票 standing-room-only ticket
涨落线 advance balance line
朝阳产业 sunrise industry
招标投标制 the system of public bidding for project
正式照会 formal note
政府搭台,部门推动,企业唱戏 governments set up the stage, various departments cooperate and enterprise put in the show.
政府上网工程government online project
政企不分 without a clear line between the functions of the government and enterprises; the functions of the government and enterprises mixed up
政企分开 separate government functions from enterprise management
政务公开 make government affairs public
知识产权 intellectual property rights
知识经济 knowledge economy , knowledge-base economy
致命要害 achilles' heel
掷钱猜先 toss
《中华人民共和国消费者权益保护法》 law of the people's republic of china on the protection of consumers' rights and interests
中流砥柱 mainstay, chief corner stone
中美战略核武器互不瞄准对方 non-targeting strategic nuclear weapons against each other
中央大型企业工委:central work committee for large enterprises
中央商务区 central business district (cbd)
重点发展 prioritize
主体经济 the mainstay of the economy
主持人 anchorperson
住房分配货币化进程 capitalization process of housing distribution/allocation
助跑 approach run, run-up
抓大放小 to invigorate large enterprises while relaxing control over small ones; focus on the restructuring of major enterprises and leave minor ones to fend for themselves
抓住机遇 seize the opportunity
转化机制 (of state-owned enterprises) to shift to new management mechanisms
转基因食品 gm food (genetically modified food)追平produce the equalizer
转体 truck rotation, turn, twist
撞线 breast the tape
追赶型和跨越式发展 pursuant and leap-forward development
资产保值增值 maintain and increase the value of assets; maintenance and appreciation of assets value
资产阶级自由化 bourgeois liberalization
资源配置 the distribution (allocation) of resources
《资治通鉴》 history as a mirror
自律机制 the self-discipline system
自我保护意识 self-protection awareness
自由港 free-trade port,free port
综合国力 comprehensive national strength
综合业务数字网 integrated service digital network (isdn)
综合治理 comprehensive treatment
遵纪守法、廉洁奉公 observe the relevant code of conduct and the law and honestly perform one's official duties
第二篇:常用术语中英文对照
十、常用术语中英文对照 人生规划life planning
自我介绍self-introduction 目标target
孔子confucius
《论语》the analects of confucius 修身养性cultivate one's moral character 儒家思想confucianism
诗歌poem
赏析appreciation
阅读理解reading comprehension 意境artistic conception
意象imagery
情感emotion
朗诵recite
策划consultant
情景模拟scenario simulation 记忆memory
贝多芬beethoven
命运交响曲symphony of destiny 古典音乐classical music 莫扎特mozart
费加罗的婚礼the marriage of figaro 萧伯纳george bernard shaw 戏剧drama
理想主义idealism
人道精神humanity
反抗性resistance
辩论debate
演讲speech
主题theme
财富wealth
品格character
《红楼梦》dream in red mansions 叶芝yeats
当你老了 when you are old 情景scene
道家taoism
无为而治taoist actionless governance 消极避世indifference
散文prose
小说novel
文学性literary
语言language
修辞rhetoric
敬畏生命reverence for life 抉择choice
普通话mandarin
个人简历resume
招聘求职recruitment 求职信cover letter
自荐书written submissions 岗位post
市场营销marketing
物流logistics
食品检测food testing 高分子macromolecule
就业形势employment situation 毕业论文thesis
摘要abstract
关键词keyword
答辩defense
第三篇:fpc常用术语中英文对照
fpc常用术语中英文对照 0
fpc常用术语中英文对照
fpc常用术语中英文对照
a
accelerate aging ——加速老化,使用人工的方法,加速正常的老化过程。 acceptance quality level (aql) —— 一批产品中最大可以接受的缺陷数目,
通常用于抽样计划。
acceptance test ——用来测定产品可以接受的试验,由客户与供应商之间决
定。
access hole ——在多层线路板连续层上的一系列孔,这些孔的中心在同一个
位置,而且通到线路板的一个表面。
annular ring ——是指保围孔周围的导体部分。
artwork ——用于生产 “artwork master”“production master”,有精确比
例的菲林。
artwork master ——通常是有精确比例的菲林,其按1:1的图案用于生产
“production master”。
b
back light ——背光法,是一种检查通孔铜壁完好与否得放大目检方法,其做法是将孔壁外的基材自某一方向上小心的予以磨薄,再利用树脂半透明的原理,从背后射入光线。假如化学铜孔壁品质完好而无任何破洞或针孔时,则该铜层必能阻绝光线而在显微中呈现黑暗,一旦铜壁有破洞时,则必有光点出现而被
观察到,并可放大摄影存证,称为背光法,但只能看到半个孔。 base material ——绝缘材料,线路在上面形成。(可以是刚性或柔性,或两
者综合。它可以是不导电的或绝缘的金属板。)。
base material thickness ——不包括铜箔层或镀层的基材的厚度。
bland via ——导通孔仅延伸到线路板的一个表面。
blister ——离层的一种形式,它是在基材的两层之间或基材与铜箔之间或保
护层之间局部的隆起。
board thickness 是——指包括基材和所有在上面形成导电层在内的总厚度。
bonding layer ——结合层,指多层板之胶片层 。
c
c-staged resin ——处于固化最后状态的树脂。
chamfer (drill) ——钻咀柄尾部的角 。
characteristic impendence ——特性阻抗,平行导线结构对交流电流的阻力,通常出现在高速电流上,而且通常由在一定频率宽度范围的常量组成 。 circuit ——能够完成需要的电功能的一定数量的电元素和电设备 。
circuit card ——见“printed board”。
circuitry layer ——线路板中,含有导线包括接地面,电压面的层。 circumferential separation ——电镀孔沿镀层的整个圆周的裂缝或空隙。
creak ——裂痕,在线路板中常指铜箔或通孔之镀层,在遭遇热应力的考验时,
常出现各层次的部分或全部断裂。
crease ——皱褶,在多层板中常在铜皮处理不当时所发生的皱褶。
d
date code ——周期代码,用来表明产品生产的时间。
delamination ——基材中层间的分离,基材与铜箔之间的分离,或线路板中所
有的平面之间的分离。
delivered panel(dp) ——为了方便下工序装配和测试的方便,在一块板上按
一定的方式排列一个或多个线路板。
dent ——导电铜箔的表面凹陷,它不会明显的影响到导铜箔的厚度。 design spacing of conductive ——线路之间的描绘距离,或者在客户图纸上
定义的线路之间的距离。
desmear ——除污,从孔壁上将被钻孔摩擦融化的树脂和钻孔的碎片移走。 dewetting ——缩锡,在融化的锡在导体表面时,由于表面的张力,导致锡面
的不平整,有的地方厚,有的地方薄,但是不会导致铜面露出。
dimensioned hole ——指线路板上的一些孔,其位置已经由其使用尺寸确定,
不用和栅格尺寸一致。
double-side printed board ——双面板。
drill body length ——从钻咀的钻尖到钻咀直径与肩部角度交叉点处的距离。
e
eyelet ——铆眼,是一种青铜或黄铜制作的空心铆钉,当线路板上发现某一通孔断裂时,即可加装上这种铆眼,不但可以维持导电的功能,亦可以插焊零件。
不过由于业界对线路板品质的要求日严,使得铆眼的使用越来越少。
f
fiber exposure ——纤维暴露,是指基材表面当受到外来的机械摩擦,化学反应等攻击后,可能失去其外表所覆盖的树脂层,露出底材的玻璃布,称为纤维
暴露,位于孔壁处则称为纤维突出。
fiducial mark ——基准记号,在板面上为了下游的组装,方便其视觉辅助系统作业起见,常在大型的ic于板面焊垫外缘的右上及左下各加一个圆状或其它
形状的“基准记号“,以协助放置机的定位。
flair ——第一面外形变形,刃角变形,在线路板行业中是指钻咀的钻尖部分,其第一面之外缘变宽使刃角变形,是因钻咀不当地翻磨所造成,属于钻咀的次
要缺点。
flammability rate ——燃性等级,是指线路板板材的耐燃性的程度,在既定
的试验步骤执行样板试验之后,其板材所能达到的何种规定等级而言。 flame resistant ——耐燃性,是指线路板在其绝缘的树脂中,为了达到某种燃性等级(在ul中分hb,vo,v1及v2),必须在其树脂的配方中加入某些化学药品(如在fr -4中加入20%以上的溴),是板材之性能可达到一定的耐燃性。通常fr-4在其基材表面之径向方面,会加印制造者红色的ul水印,而未
加耐燃剂的g- 10,则径向只能加印绿色的水印标记。
flare ——扇形崩口,在机械冲孔中,常因其模具的不良或板材的脆化,或冲
孔条件不对,造成孔口板材的崩松,形成不正常的扇形喇叭口,称为扇形崩口。 flashover ——闪络,在线路板面上,两导体线路之间(即使有阻焊绿漆),当有电压存在时,其间绝缘物的表面上产生一种 “击穿性的放电”,称为“闪
络”。
flexible printed circuit,fpc ——软板,是一种特殊性质的线路板,在组装时可做三维空间的外形变化,其底材为可挠性的聚亚酰胺(pi)或聚酯类(pe)。
这种软板也可以象硬板一样,可作镀通孔或表面装配。
flexural strength ——抗挠强度,将线路板基材的板材,取其宽一寸,长2.5--6寸(根据厚度的不同而定)的样片,在其两端的下方各置一个支撑点,在其中央点连续施加压力,直到样片断裂为止。使其断裂的最低压力强度称为抗挠强
度。它是硬质线路板的重要机械性质之一 。
flute ——退屑槽,是指钻咀或锣刀,在其圆柱体上已挖空的部分,可做为废
屑退出之用途。
flux ——阻焊剂,是一种在高温下具有活性的化学药品,能将被焊物表面的氧化物或者污物予以清除,使熔融的焊锡能与洁净的底层金属结合而完成焊接。
g
gap ——第一面分摊,长刃断开,是指钻咀上两个第一面分开,是翻磨不良造
成,也是一种钻咀的次要缺点。
gerber data,gerberfile ——格式档案,是美国gerber公司专为线路板面线路图形与孔位,所开发的一系列完整的软体档案(正式名字是“rs 274”),
线路板设计者或线路板制造商可以使用它来实现文件的交换。
grid ——标准格,指线路板布线时的基本经纬方格而言,早期每格的长宽格距
为100mil,那是以ic引脚为参考的,目前的格子的距离则越来愈堋? ground plane ——接地层,是多层板的一种板面,通常多层板的一层线路层要搭配一层大铜面的接地层,以当成众多零件的公共接地回归地,遮蔽,以及散
热。
grand plane clearance ——接地层的空环,元件的接地脚或电压脚与其接地层或电压层通常会以“一字桥”或“十字脚”与外面的大铜面进行互联。至于穿层而过完全不接大铜面的通孔,则必须取消任何桥梁而与外界隔绝。为了避免因受热而变形起见,通孔与大铜面之间必须留出膨胀所需的伸缩空间,这个
空间即是接地层的空环。
h
haloing ——白圈,白边。通常是当线路板基材的板材在钻孔,开槽等机械加
工太猛时,造成内部树脂的破裂或微小的开裂之现象。
hay wire 也称ju(版权归好范文网:WwW.hAowOrD.Com)mper wire.——是线路板上因板面印刷线路已断,或因设计上
的失误需在板子的表面以外采用焊接方式用包漆线连接。
heat sink plane ——散热层。为了降低线路板的热量,通常在班子的零件之
外,再加一层已穿许多脚孔的铝板。
hipot test ——即high postential test ,高压测试,是指采取比实际使用时
更高的直流电压来进行各种电性试验,以查出所漏的电流大校
hook ——切削刃缘不直,钻咀的钻尖部分是由四个表面所立体组成,其中两个第一面是负责切削功用,两个第二面是负责支持第一面的。其第一面的前缘就
是切削动作的刀口。正确的刀口应该很直,翻磨不当会使刃口变成外宽内窄的
弯曲状,是钻咀的一种次要缺陷。
hole breakout ——破孔。是指部分孔体已落在焊环区之外,使孔壁未能受到
焊环的完全包围。
hole location ——孔位,指孔的中心点位置。
hole pull strength ——指将整个孔壁从板子上拉下的力量,即孔壁与板子所
存在地固著力量。
hole void ——破洞,指已完成电镀的孔壁上存在地见到底材的破洞。 hot air leveling ——热风整平,也称喷锡。从锡炉中沾锡的板子,经过高压
的热风,将其多余的锡吹去。
hybrid integrated circuit ——是一种在小型瓷质薄板上,以印刷方式施加贵重金属导电油墨之线路,再经高温将油墨中的有机物烧走,而在板上留下导
体线路,并可以进行表面粘装零件的焊接。
i
icicle ——锡尖,是指在组装板经过波峰焊后,板子焊锡面上所出现的尖锥状
的焊锡,也叫solder projection。
i.c socket ——集成电路块插座。
image transfer ——图象转移,在电路板工业中是指将底片上的线路图象,以
“直接光阻”的方式或“间接印刷”的方式转移到板面上。
immersion plating ——浸镀,是利用被镀金属与溶液中金属离子间电位差的关系,在浸入的瞬间产生置换作用,使被镀金属表面原子抛出电子的同时,让溶液中的金属离子收到电子,而立即在被镀金属表面产生一层镀层。也叫
galvanic displacement。
impendent ——阻抗,“电路”对流经其中已知频率之交流电流,所产生的全
部阻力称为阻抗(z),其单位是欧姆。
impendent control ——阻抗控制,线路板中的导体中会有各种信号的传递,当为提高其传输速率而必须提高其频率,线路本身若因蚀刻而导致截面积大小
不定
s
screen ability ——网印能力,指网版印刷加工时,其油墨在刮压之作用下具
有透过网布之露空部分,而顺利漏到板上的能力。
screen printing ——网版印刷,是指在已有图案的网布上,用刮刀刮挤压出
油墨,将要转移地图案转移到板面上,也叫“丝网印刷”。
secondary side ——第二面,即线路板的焊锡面,solder side。
shank ——钻咀的炳部。
shoulder angle ——肩斜角,指钻头的柄部与有刃的部分之间,有一种呈斜肩
式的外形过渡区域,其斜角即称为肩斜角。
silk screen ——网板印刷,用聚酯网布或不锈钢网布当载体,将正负片的图案以直接乳胶或间接版膜方式转移到网框的网布上形成的网版,作为对线路板
印刷的工具。
skip printing,plating ——漏印,漏镀。
sliver ——边条,版面之线路两侧,其最上缘表面出,因镀层超过阻剂厚度,常发生在两侧横向伸长的情形,此种细长的悬边因下方并无支撑,常容易断落
在板上,将可能发生短路的情形,而这种·悬边就叫“sliver”。
smear ——胶渣,在线路板钻孔时,其钻头与板材在快速摩擦的过程中,会产生高温高热,而将板材中的树脂予以软化甚至液化,以致涂满了孔壁,冷却后
即成为一层胶渣。
solder ——焊锡,是指各种比例的锡铅合金,可当成电子零件焊剂所用的焊料,其中,线路板以63/37的锡铅比例的solder最为常用,因为这种比例时,其熔点最低(183°c),而且是由固态直接转化为液态,反之亦然,其间并无经过
浆态。
solder ability ——可焊性,各种零件的引脚和线路板的焊垫等金属体,其接
受銲锡的能力。
solder ball ——锡球,当板面的绿漆或基材上树脂硬化情形不好时,又受助焊剂的影响或发生溅锡的情形时,在焊点的附近板面上,常会附有一些细小的
颗粒状的焊锡点,称为锡球。
solder bridge ——锡桥,指组装之线路板经焊接后,在不该有通路的地方,
常会出现不当地銲锡导体,而着成错误的短路。
solder bump ——銲锡凸块,为了与线路板的连接,在晶片的连接点处须做上
各种形状的微“銲锡凸块”。
solder side ——焊锡面,见“secondary side”。
spindle ——主轴,指线路板行业使用的钻机的主轴,可夹紧钻咀高速运转。 static eliminator ——静电消除装置,线路板是以有机树脂为基材,在制程中的某些磨刷工作将会产生静电。故在清洗后,还须进行除静电的工作,才不
致吸附灰尘及杂物。一般生产线上均应设置各种消除静电装置。
substrate ——底材,在线路板工业中专指无铜箔的基材板而言。
substractive process ——减成法,是指将基材上部分无用的铜箔减除掉,而
达成线路板的做法称为“减成法”。
support hole (金属)——支撑通孔,指正常的镀通孔,即具有金属孔壁的孔。 surface-mount device(smd) ——表面装配零件,不管是具有引脚,或封装是否完整的各式零件,凡能够利用锡膏做为焊料,而能在板面焊垫上完成焊接组
装者皆称为smd。
surface mount technology ——表面装配技术,是利用板面焊垫进行焊接或结
合的组装技术,有别于采用通孔插焊的传统的组装方式,称为smt。
t
tab ——接点,金手指,在线路板上是指板边系列接点的金手指而言,是一种
非正规的说法。
tape automatic bonding (tab) ——卷带自动结合。
tenting ——盖孔法,是利用干膜在外层板上作为不镀锡铅之直接阻剂,可同时能将各通孔自其两端孔口处盖紧,能保护孔壁不致受药水的攻击,同时也能
保护上下板面的焊环,但对无环的孔壁则力有所不及。
tetrafuctional resin ——四功能树脂,线路板狭义是指有四个反应基的环氧树脂,这是一种染成黄色的基材,其tg可高达180°,尺寸安定性也较fr-4
好。
thermo-via ——导热孔,在线路板上大型ic等高功率零件,在工作中慧产生大量的热,必须要将此热量予以排散,以免损及电子设备的寿命,其中一个简
单的方法,就是利用 ic的底座空地,刻意另行制作pth将热量直接引至背面的
大铜面上,进行散热,这种用于导热而不导电的通孔称为导热孔。
thief ——辅助阴极,见 “robber”。
thin copper foil ——铜箔基材上所附的铜箔,凡其厚度低于0.7mil的称为
thin copper foil。
thin core ——薄基材,多层板的内层是由薄基材制作。
through hole mounting ——通孔插装,是指早期线路板上各零件之组装,皆
采用引脚插孔及填锡方式进行,以完成线路板上的互连。
tie bar ——分流条,在线路板工业中是指板面经过蚀刻得到独立的线路后,若还需进一步电镀时,需预先加设导电的路径才能继续进行,例如镀金导线。
touch up ——修理。
trace ——线路 指线路板上的一般导线或线条而言,通常并不包括通孔,大地,
焊垫及焊环 。
twist ——板翘,指板面从对角线两侧的角落发生变形翘起,称为板翘。其测
量的方法是将板的三个叫落紧台面,再测量翘起的角的高度 。
w
wicking ——灯芯效应,质地疏松的灯芯或烛心,对油液会发生抽吸的毛细现象,称为wicking.电路板之板材经过钻孔后,其玻璃纤维切断处常呈松疏状,也能吸入pth的各种槽液,以致造成一小段化学铜层存留在其中,此种渗也称
为“灯芯效应”。
x
x-ray ——x光。
y
yield ——良品率,生产批量中通过品质检验的良品,其所占总产量的百分率
第四篇:smt常用术语中英文对照
简称
英文全称
中文解释
smt
surface mounted technology表面贴装技术
smd
surface mount device表面安装设备(元件)dip
dual in-line package双列直插封装
qfp
quad flat package四边引出扁平封装pqfp
plastic quad flat package塑料四边引出扁平封装sqfp
shorten quad flat package缩小型细引脚间距qfpbga
ball grid array package
球栅阵列封装
pga
pin grid array package
针栅阵列封装
cpga
ceramic pin grid array
陶瓷针栅阵列矩阵
plcc
plastic leaded chip carrier
塑料有引线芯片载体
clcc
ceramic leaded chip carrier
塑料无引线芯片载体
sop
small outline package
小尺寸封装
tsop
thin small outline package
薄小外形封装
sot
small outline transistor
小外形晶体管
soj
small outline j-lead package
j形引线小外形封装
soic
small outline integrated circuit package小外形集成电路封装
mcm
multil chip carrier
多芯片组件
melf
圆柱型无脚元件
d
diode
二极管
r
resistor
电阻
soc
system on chip
系统级芯片
csp
chip size package
芯片尺寸封装
cob
chip on board板上芯片
第五篇:外贸常用术语 中英文对照
外贸常用术语 中英文对照
2014-02-23 16:27:31 作者:tc001 来源: 浏览次数:324
1.packing list deatiling the complete inner packing specification and contents of each package 载明每件货物之内部包装的规格和内容的装箱单 14.combined invoice is not acceptable 不接受联合发票转 the stipulations of “uniform customs and practice for documentary credits”“跟单信用证统一惯例”
1.packing list deatiling the complete inner packing specification and contents of each package 载明每件货物之内部包装的规格和内容的装箱单
2.packing list detailing? 详注??的装箱单
3.packing list showing in detail? 注明??细节的装箱单
4.weight list 重量单
5.weight notes 磅码单(重量单)
6.detailed weight list 明细重量单
7.weight and measurement list重量和尺码单
8.signed commercial invoice已签署的商业发票 in duplicate 一式两份 in triplicate 一式三份 in quadruplicate 一式四份 in quintuplicate 一式五份 in sextuplicate 一式六份 in septuplicate 一式七份 in octuplicate一式八份 in nonuplicate 一式九份 in decuplicate 一式十份
9.beneficiary's original signed commercial invoices at least in 8 copies issued in the name of the buyer indicating (showing/evidencing/specifying/declaration of) the merchandise, country of origin and any other relevant information. 以买方的名义开具、注明商品名称、原产国及其他有关资料,并经签署的受益人的商业发票正本至少一式八份
10.signed attested invoice combined with certificate of origin and value in 6 copies as reuired for imports into nigeria. 以签署的,连同产地证明和货物价值的,输入尼日利亚的联合发票一式六份
11.beneficiary must certify on the invoice?have been sent to the accountee 受益人须在发票上证明,已将??寄交开证人 5.4% discount should be deducted from total amount of the commercial invoice 商业发票的总金额须扣除4%折扣
12.invoice must be showed: under a/p no.? date of expiry 19th jan. 1981 发票须表明:根据第??号购买证,满期日为1981年1月19日
13.documents in combined form are not acceptable不接受联合单据
14.combined invoice is not acceptable 不接受联合发票转 the stipulations of “uniform customs and practice for documentary credits”“跟单信用证统一惯例”
15.except as otherwise stated herein---除本证另有规定外
16.except so far as otherwise expressly stated---除非另有明确表示
17.this credit is subject to?---本证根据??解释
18.uniform customs and practice for documentary credits---跟单信用证统一惯例
19.international chamber of commerce brochure no.400---国际商会第400号手册20.1983 revision---1983年修订本
21.except as otherwise expressly stated herein, this credit is subject to uniform customs and practice for documentary credits 1993 revision, international chamber of commerce,
publication no.500---除另有规定外,本证根据国际商会第500号出版物《跟单信用证统一惯例》1993年修订解释
22.支付条件(terms of payment) (1)our usual way of payment is by confirmed and irrevocable letter of credit available by draft at sight for the full amount of the contracted goods to be established in our favour through a bank acceptable to the sellers. 我们的一般付款方式是保兑的、不可撤销的、以我公司为受益人的、足额信用证,见票即付。信用证应通过为卖方认可的银行开出。
23.支付条件(terms of payment) (1)our usual way of payment is by confirmed and irrevocable letter of credit available by draft at sight for the full amount of the contracted goods to be established in our favour through a bank acceptable to the sellers. 我们的一般付款方式是保兑的、不可撤销的、以我公司为受益人的、足额信用证,见票即付。信用证应通过为卖方认可的银行开出。
(2)for payment,we require 100% value,confirmed and irrevocable letter of credit with partial shipment and transhipment allowed clause,available by draft at sight,payable against surrendering the full set of shipping documents to the negotiating bank here. 我们要求用100%金额的、保兑的、不可撤销的信用证,并规定允许转船和分批装运,凭汇票向议付行交单即期付款。
(3)the letter of credit should be established with its clauses in confirmation with the terms and conditions of the contract.信用证所开条款,必须与合约条款相符。
(4)we usually accept payment by l/c at sight draft or by t/t in advance,but never by c.o.d. 通常我们接受即期信用证付款或电汇。我们从不接受货到付款的办法。 we insist on a letter of credit. 我们坚持用信用证方式付款。 as i've said, we require payment by l/c. 我已经说过了,我们要求以信用证付款。 we still intend to use letter of credit as the term of payment. 我们仍然想用信用证付款方式。 we always require l/c for our exports. 我们出口一向要求以信用证付款。 l/c at sight is normal for our exports to france. 我们向法国出口一般使用即期信用证付款。 we pay by l/c for our imports. 进口我们也采用信用证汇款。 our terms of payment is confirmed and irrevocable letter of credit. 我们的付款条件是保兑的不可撤消的信用证。 you must be aware that an irrevocable l/c gives the exporter the additional protection of banker's guarantee. 你必须意识到不可撤消信用证为出口商提供了银行担保。 is the wording of "confirmed" necessary for the letter of credit? 信用证上还用写明“保兑”字样吗? for payment we require 100% value, irrevocable l/c in our favour with partial shipment allowed clause available by draft at sight. 我们要求用不可撤消的、允许分批装运、金额为全部货款、并以我方为抬头人的信用证,凭即期汇票支付