小说《局外人》读书笔记

第一篇：《局外人》读书笔记

《局外人》读书笔记

《加缪文集》译林出版社/郭宏安译/1999上5月第1版

《局外人》是法国著名作家阿尔贝·加缪所写的第一部小说，小说分两个部分有八十页，描述了一个叫默而索的年轻人安葬母亲之后，一直到因为防卫过当致人死亡而被判为死刑的那段日子。小说语言冷静又干脆，却有那么一点的单调叙述并揭示了默而索复杂的内心世界。

看了这部作品心里起伏了一下，《局外人》的第一部分进展得很平坦，第二部分默而索被捕入狱后，矛盾步步升级。《局外人》是怎样一则故事？介于上外史课对加缪的认识我很认真地读了一下。作者先让每一个角色都有崭露头脚的机会，并且宽待他们种种不良的举止，使病态的社会得以继续维持而又去展现。然而默而索是个具有双重性格的人，他既与整个现实同污，又能坚持自己的沉默。比如在第一部分中，他可能在母亲下葬的第二天与女友调情，但他绝不愿意俯首于繁文缛节，甚至憎恶形式主义恶风无止境的繁衍。所有人都顺从地做了形式主义没有价值的牺牲品，而默而索自然而然的就成了脆弱的锁链关系当中重要的一环，随之，作者巧妙地设计了默而索射杀阿拉伯人的场面。这一部分按时间顺序叙述，像记流水账，显得有些啰嗦。我们看到的莫尔索是那么冷漠，简直只是个纯感官的动物，没有思考。莫尔索杀人仅仅是因为太阳，这看起来真的显得荒谬，可事实就是这样。

小说开头一句即是：“今天，妈妈死了。”不知所措孩子一样的口气，大凡成人提到该类事，会尊称母亲，可是默而索却不是。接着又是一转：“也许是昨天??”，不经意间，暴露默而索的漫不经心和恍惚。接下来，让人有点觉得不理解，他从头到尾没有哭，还在母亲遗体前抽烟。第二天，他就游玩的不亦乐乎，带女友回家过夜。还帮一个名声狼藉的邻居惩罚他的情妇，因为“没有理由不让他满意”。女友要和他结婚，他觉得“怎么样都行”，女友一定要他回答是否爱她，他竟然说“大概是不爱她”。最后迷迷糊糊杀了人，对于法庭上的辩论也不关心，好像与他无关似的。默而索被判死刑，与其说是因为杀了人，不如说因为被指控“怀着杀人犯的心埋葬了母亲”。在临刑前夜，他拒绝神甫，却想起妈妈。小说最后一句：“为了使我不感到不那么孤独，我还希望处决我的那一天有许多人来观看，希望他们对我报以仇恨的喊叫声。”让我们感到震惊！

这不禁让我去想，默而索到底是一个怎么样的人？从上面的简述，默而索似乎是个冷漠的人，因为在母亲下葬时候竟然不哭。默而索为什么不哭？小说最后解释道：“妈妈已经离死亡那么近了，该是感到解脱，准备把一切重新过一遍。任何人，任何人也没有权利哭她”。默而索的冷漠似乎来自他的理性，但是正是这样的“理性”使得他和整个社会道德系统脱节。

小说进行到将近尾声时，我看到检察官评判莫尔索的那段话，却觉得这似乎是加缪借检察官的口所说出的大多数人所能看清的一种判断，也让我开始去体会主人公的“接受”和“不在乎”。 如：他说，陪审员先生们，他曾仔细探索过我的灵魂，结果一无所获。他说实际上我根本就没有灵魂，对于人性，对于人们心中的道德原则，我都是一窍不通。他补充道：“当然，我们也不能责怪他。他不能得到的，我们也不能怪他没有。但是说到法院，宽容所具有的全然反面的作用应该转化为正义所具有的作用，这不那么容易，但是更为高尚，特别是当这个人的心已经空虚到人们所看到的这种程度，正在变成连整个社会也可能陷进去的深渊的时候。”

最后，他说他的职责是痛苦的，但是他要坚决地完成它。他说我与一个我连最基本的法则都不承认的社会毫无干系，我不能对人类的心有什么指望，因为我对其基本的反应根本不知道。他说：“我向你们要这个人的脑袋，而在我这样请求时，我的心情是轻松的。在我这操之已久的生涯中，如果我有时请求处人以极刑的话，我却从未像今天这样感到我这艰巨的职责得到了补偿、平衡和启发，因为我已意识到某种神圣的、不可抗拒的命令，因为我在这张除残忍之外一无所见的人的脸上感到了憎恶。”（p79-80）

我们活在社会，必须接受传统的价值观，如爱情，事业，金钱等等。我们不能不遵守约定的风俗习惯，像母亲下葬时候要恸哭，娶一个女人时候要说“我爱你”，在法庭上为自己辩解。但是，如果你觉得自己可以背离这一切，那么就会成为社会这个“局”外面的人，最终会被社会抛弃的。

在社会抛弃了默而索，默而索也同时抛弃了社会。虽然生活在社会中，可是价值观游离在社会之外。默而索的悲剧在于——他没有明确否认永恒，但是也不为永恒做一点努力，是一种含糊的态度。当大家都这样解释世界的时候，默而索却要另外的方式来理解这个世界，难免成为局外人。

生存的无奈，往往在于精神往往和肉体的分裂，人和社会的背离生之无限渴望和死亡无限逼近的矛盾。于是生存就显得就很荒诞。

小说是积极的，催人奋进的。作为一种哲学思想的阐释很好，但是我觉得作者还是把人心想的太简单了但事实真有这么简单么？当然每一个时代都有它的时代特点和社会因素，一个人的生存也反映了当时的社会。

，

20世纪西方文学

---------读书笔记姓名：哈尼亚.塔尔道学号：2014041059班级：08汉文5班指导老师：牟学苑

第二篇：读书笔记《局外人》

读完小说《局外人》以及一些评论文章，我来写写对这篇小说的总体理解。

首先是关于“局”，也就是这个世界。加缪认为世界是荒谬的。其实这个咱中国人理解起来是最简单的：想想身边的事情就行了。

有了这个局之后，也就有了局外人默尔索——他的“出局”是由于一次意外的杀人，在此之前，他是一个游离在这个“局”边缘的怪人：冷漠，貌似迟钝，对一切事物感到厌烦。甚至连母亲死了，他的反应仅仅是：今天，妈妈死了。也许是昨天。但默尔索对这个“局”的认识是清晰、准确无疑的：进退两难，出路是没有的。在杀死人之后，他认识到：那却好像是在我的苦难之门上短促的叩了四下。也许仅仅是处于厌烦，他才生性孤僻，什么话都懒得说，什么事都懒得做。

之后他参加的法庭辩论是造成他出“局”的直接原因，也使得他本人同这个“局”的对立日益尖锐，“全部希望就是在奔跑中被一颗流弹打死”。读到此我总是悲观的。荒诞的世界，出路是没有的，可能的选择有：一是死，自杀或者被杀；二是妥协，也就是思想上的自杀。但是不对，局外人默尔索在最后一刻想起了他死去的妈妈，他明白了她为什么在死之将至，时日无多的时候仍然玩起“重新再来”的游戏，他醒悟了：我觉得我过去是幸福的，现在仍是幸福的。（他当然没有“在精神上杀死自己的母亲”，检察官对他的指控在这一刻显得多么可笑！）他希望“处决我的那一天有很多人来观看，希望他们对我报以仇恨的喊叫声”。通过人们的仇恨，他感觉到了自己的在局外的存在，并以此为幸福。他是真实的。他以自己的真实存在完成了对这个荒谬世界和悲惨人生的一次打击和胜利。

显然，小说是积极的，催人奋进的。作为一种哲学思想的阐释，那很好；但要从小说角度分析，我认为还是不够好：作者把人心想的太简单了。但事实真有这么简单么？

第三篇：英语小说读书笔记

英语小说读书笔记

there are two opposite gangs named socs and greasers. kids whose backgrounds are very rich are called socials, we name it as socs. the poor kids are called greasers, because their hair are covered with grease and they often wear greasy clothes. there are full of

contradiction between them. the main character is ponyboy, he is the youngest greaser, and he hates the socs because he always gets jumped by them. darry and sodapop are his elder brothers, and they both

dropped out of school to work in order to raise money for ponyboy ‘s study. through seeing a movie together with a rich but kind girl, cherry, ponyboy realizes that not all socs are bad. johnny is his best friend, he used to be very weak, but after being jumped by 4 socs, he becomes mad and usually brings a switchblade with him, and if there is anyone who wants to play tricks on him, he will kill that one. suddenly, in a week, johnny dies in a fire, bob(his friend) is kill by someone unwillingly, dally(the most violent greaser) kill himself because johnny’s death. ponyboy grows a lot, realize the love of his families and friends, and promises to be a good man, and not fight anymore..

this is really a heroic story, and i learnt a lot from it..

first of all, i realized that we shouldn’t assess anyone just by knowing about his background. in the book, ponyboy thought that life was unfair-socs always win, greasers always lose. socs could easily go to college, but greasers sometimes must drop out of school to work for their livings. so he hated socs as if from his birth. but he gradually realized that some socs are kind, but some greasers are alike a hood. so we should also know people deeply before judging them, and believe the truth more than our subjective things.

secondly, no matter how our backgrounds and families are, we should have kind and brave hearts. in the story, ponyboy saw many greasers crime and fight just because of their identify, he thought that was totally wrong. even his dying friend, johnny told him to

stay gold which means to be kind, simple and pure in a serious health condition. on the other hand, ponyboy thought gresers have the same rights as socs, and he never lowered his head in front of socs.there are also something good about love. at the beginning,

ponyboy thought that dally, his eldest brother fully concentrated on working and making money, but never cared about him and sodapop, and he was dislike a young man anymore, more like an adult. but once ponyboy was sick very seriously, he saw dally crying for the first time when he was asleep-going-to-waken-up. and when they were having a rumble with a gang of socs, he was always covered with his two elder brothers. from that, he knew his small family would never be short of love, and his brothers loved him much more than he could imagine. in my real life, when my teachers and parents are strict with me, i shouldn’t think that they don’t love me, it is just another, more deep way to love.

the writer wrote this book when he was only a teenager as

fourteen-going-to-fifteen, in the same age as me. so it is more easy for me to get close to him and understand him. but he truly

experienced all i experienced and something i have never imagined. so i should learn something good from him, and keep away from thing bad he had done.

this book really taught me a lot, and i will spare no efforts to do the good things it bring to me!

第四篇：英语小说读书笔记

there are two opposite gangs named socs and greasers. kids whose backgrounds are very rich are called socials, we name it as socs. the poor kids are called greasers, because their hair are covered with grease and they often wear greasy clothes. there are full of contradiction between them. the main character is ponyboy, he is the youngest greaser, and he hates the socs because he always gets jumped by them. darry and sodapop are his elder brothers, and they both dropped out of school to work in order to raise money for ponyboy ‘s study. through seeing a movie together with a rich but kind girl, cherry, ponyboy realizes that not all socs are bad. johnny is his best friend, he used to be very weak, but after being jumped by 4 socs, he becomes mad and usually brings a switchblade with him, and if there is anyone who wants to play tricks on him, he will kill that one. suddenly, in a week, johnny dies in a fire, bob(his friend) is kill by someone unwillingly, dally(the most violent greaser) kill himself because johnny’s death. ponyboy grows a lot, realize the love of his families and friends, and promises to be a good man, and not fight anymore..

this is really a heroic story, and i learnt a lot from it..

first of all, i realized that we shouldn’t assess anyone just by knowing about his background. in the book, ponyboy thought that life was unfair-socs always win, greasers always lose. socs could easily go to college, but greasers sometimes must drop out of school to work for their livings. so he hated socs as if from his birth. but he gradually realized that some socs are kind, but some greasers are alike a hood. so we should also know people deeply before judging them, and believe the truth more than our subjective things.

secondly, no matter how our backgrounds and families are, we should have kind and brave hearts. in the story, ponyboy saw many greasers crime and fight just because of their identify, he thought that was totally wrong. even his dying friend, johnny told him to stay gold which means to be kind, simple and pure in a serious health condition. on the other hand, ponyboy thought gresers have the same rights as socs, and he never lowered his head in front of socs.

there are also something good about love. at the beginning, ponyboy thought that dally, his eldest brother fully concentrated on working and making money, but never cared about him and sodapop, and he was dislike a young man anymore, more like an adult. but once ponyboy was sick very seriously, he saw dally crying for the first time when he was asleep-going-to-waken-up. and when they were having a rumble with a gang of socs, he was always covered with his two elder brothers. from that, he knew his small family would never be short of love, and his brothers loved him much more than he could imagine. in my real life, when my teachers and parents are strict with me, i shouldn’t think that they don’t love me, it is just another, more deep way to love.

the writer wrote this book when he was only a teenager as fourteen-going-to-fifteen, in the same age as me. so it is more easy for me to get close to him and understand him. but he truly experienced all i experienced and something i have never imagined. so i should learn something good from him, and keep away from thing bad he had done.

this book really taught me a lot, and i will spare no efforts to do the good things it bring to me!

第五篇：英语小说读书笔记

there are two opposite gangs named socs and greasers. kids whose backgrounds are very rich are called socials, we name it as socs. the poor kids are called greasers, because their hair are covered with grease and they often wear greasy clothes. there are full of contradiction between them. the main character is ponyboy, he is the youngest greaser, and he hates the socs because he always gets jumped by them. darry and sodapop are his elder brothers, and they both dropped out of school to work in order to raise money for ponyboy ‘s study. through seeing a movie together with a rich but kind girl, cherry, ponyboy realizes that not all socs are bad. johnny is his best friend, he used to be very weak, but after being jumped by 4 socs, he becomes mad and usually brings a switchblade with him, and if there is anyone who wants to play tricks on him, he will kill that one. suddenly, in a week, johnny dies in a fire, bob(his friend) is kill by someone unwillingly, dally(the most violent greaser) kill himself because johnny’s death. ponyboy grows a lot, realize the love of his families and friends, and promises to be a good man, and not fight anymore..

this is really a heroic story, and i learnt a lot from it..

first of all, i realized that we shouldn’t assess anyone just by knowing about his background. in the book, ponyboy thought that life was unfair-socs always win, greasers always lose. socs could easily go to college, but greasers sometimes must drop out of school to work for their livings. so he hated socs as if from his birth. but he gradually realized that some socs are kind, but some greasers are alike a hood. so we should also know people deeply before judging them, and believe the truth more than our subjective things.

secondly, no matter how our backgrounds and families are, we should have kind and brave hearts. in the story, ponyboy saw many greasers crime and fight just because of their identify, he thought that was totally wrong. even his dying friend, johnny told him to stay gold which means to be kind, simple and pure in a serious health condition. on the other hand, ponyboy thought gresers have the same rights as socs, and he never lowered his head in front of socs.

there are also something good about love. at the beginning, ponyboy thought that dally, his eldest brother fully concentrated on working and making money, but never cared about him and sodapop, and he was dislike a young man anymore, more like an adult. but once ponyboy was sick very seriously, he saw dally crying for the first time when he was asleep-going-to-waken-up. and when they were having a rumble with a gang of socs, he was always covered with his two elder brothers. from that, he knew his small family would never be short of love, and his brothers loved him much more than he could imagine. in my real life, when my teachers and parents are strict with me, i shouldn’t think that they don’t love me, it is just another, more deep way to love.

the writer wrote this book when he was only a teenager as fourteen-going-to-fifteen, in the same age as me. so it is more easy for me to get close to him and understand him. but he truly experienced all i experienced and something i have never imagined. so i should learn something good from him, and keep away from thing bad he had done.

this book really taught me a lot, and i will spare no efforts to do the good things it bring to me!